Psychosocial Factors Affecting the Performance of Community Health Center Employees
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26911/Abstract
Background: Community Health Centers (Puskesmas) serve as primary healthcare facilities whose effectiveness is strongly influenced by employee performance. Psychosocial factors such as motivation, leadership perception, delegation of authority, and social capital play an essential role in enhancing work effectiveness. However, unclear task distribution and suboptimal delegation practices remain common challenges that may weaken employee performance. This study aimed to examine psychosocial factors associated with employee performance in Puskesmas.
Subjects and Method: This quantitative study employed a cross-sectional design and was conducted in 17 Community Health Centers across Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia, from June to July 2025. A total of 224 employees were selected using proportional random sampling. Data were collected using structured questionnaires that had been tested for validity and reliability. Multivariate data analysis was performed using path analysis to assess both direct and indirect relationships among variables.
Results: Employee performance was directly influenced by the delegation of authority and responsibility (b= 0.42; 95% CI = 0.32 to 0.53; p < 0.001) and motivation (b = 0.34; 95% CI = 0.23 to 0.45; p <0.001). Performance was indirectly influenced by social capital and leadership perception through motivation, as well as by motivation and leadership perception through the delegation of authority and responsibility. Length of employment, employment status, and gender showed direct but statistically non-significant effects on employee performance.
Conclusion: Employee performance in community health centers can be enhanced through effective delegation of authority and responsibility, increased motivation, positive leadership perception, and strengthened social capital. In contrast, gender, employment status, and length of employment were not significant determinants of performance
Keywords:
performance, delegation of authority, motivation, leadership perception, social capitalHow to Cite
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