Meta Analysis of Factors Associated with Job Satisfaction in Health Workers
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpm.2023.08.03.05Abstract
Background: Job satisfaction is a perception that is reflected in attitude and focused on behavior towards a job, and is a form of human interaction with the work environment. High job satisfaction is a sign that an agency has done good management. The more satisfied the health workers in an institution, the more maximum their level of performance and productivity so that the goals of the institution can be achieved. The study aims to analyze the factors that affect job satisfaction in health workers based on the results of previous similar studies.
Subjects and Method: It was a systematic review and meta-analysis study with the PICO as follows: P = health workers, I = high salary, the availability of supervision C = low salary, no supervision O = job satisfaction. The data collection was conducted through the databases, namely: Google Scholar and PubMed. The inclusion criteria used were full English papers with Cross Sectional designs in 2012-2022. The keywords used were “job satisfaction" AND "Associated factors” AND "Health Worker". The articles were analyzed using the Review Manager 5.3 application.
Results: The meta-analysis was conducted on 8 primary studies from several countries such as Ethiopia, China, and Nepal. The results of the study showed that there was an effect of high salary on job satisfaction. Based on the analysis, high-paid health workers were 1.88 times more likely to be satisfied than low-paid health workers and it was statistically significant (aOR = 1.88; CI 95% = 1.08 to 3.2; p = 0.020). Furthermore, a meta-analysis was conducted on 7 primary studies from northern and eastern parts of Ethiopia. The results of the study showed that there was an effect of supervision on job satisfaction. Healthcare workers who received supervision were 2.93 times more likely to be satisfied than those who were unsupervised and it was statistically significant (aOR = 2.93; CI 95% = 1.51 to 5.66; p= 0.003).
Conclusion: The provision of high salaries and supervision increases the job satisfaction of health workers.
Keywords: job satisfaction, related factors, health workers.
Correspondence: Fara Rizky Punjung Hapsari. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl Ir Sutami no 36 A, Surakarta, Central Java 57126, Indonesia. Email: fararizky92@gmail.com. Mobile Phone: 081230388935.
References
Bekru ET, Cherie A, Anjulo AA (2017). Job satisfaction and determinant factors among midwives working at health facilities in Addis Ababa city, Ethiopia. PLoS ONE. 12(2): 1–16. Doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172397
Edy S (2016). Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia. Jakarta : Kencana
Gedif G, Sisay Y, Alebel A, Belay YA (2018). Level of job satisfaction and associated factors among health care professionals working at University of Gondar Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia : a cross ‑ sectional study. BMC Res Notes. 1–7. Doi: 10.1186/s1310401839180
Geleto A, Baraki N, Atomsa GE, Dessie Y (2015). Job satisfaction and associated factors among health care providers at public health institutions in Harari region, eastern Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study. BMC Res Notes. 8(1): 1–7. Doi: 10.1186/s1310401513685
Kare AP, Gujo AB (2021). Job Satisfaction Level and Associated Factors Among Rural Health Extension Workers of Sidama Region, Southern Ethiopia. Health serv res manag epidemiol. 8: 1–7. Doi: 10.1177/233339-28211051832
Khanal P (2020). Work motivation and job satisfaction among health workers of primary health facilities: a mixed-methods study from Nepal. Res Sq. 1–21. Doi: 10.21203/rs.3.rs30776/v1
Kumar R, Ahmed J, Shaikh BT, Hafeez R, Hafeez A (2013). Job satisfaction among public health professionals working in public sector: A cross sectional study from Pakistan. Hum Resour Health. 11(1): 1–5. Doi: 10.1186/14784491112
Mangkunegara AAA (2010). Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia Perusahaan. Bandung : PT Remaja Rosda Karya
Mengistu M (2015). Factors Associated to job satisfaction among healthcare workers at public hospitals of West Shoa Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia: A cross sectional study. Science J Public Health. 3(2): 161. Doi: 10.11648/j.sjph.20150302.12
Pranata L, Rini MT, Surani V (2017). Faktor-faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kepuasan Kerja Perawat Pelaksana di Ruang Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit Myria Kota Palembang. J. Akdemika Baiturrahim. 6(2): 44–51.
Rahmania F, Widawati L (2018). Hubungan antara kepuasan kerja dengan disiplin kerja karyawan bagian quality control (studi korelasi menggunakan two factor theory herzberg pada pt . x). 43–46.
Workineh I, Dida N, Sileshi T (2020). Job Satisfaction and Its Associated Factors Among Governmental Health Workers in West Shoa Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia. Res sq. 26: 1-23. https://assets.researchsquare.com/files/rs70689/v1_covered.pdf?c=1631840501
Yami A, Hamza L, Hassen A, Jira C, Sudhakar M (2011). Original Article Job satisfaction and its determinants among health workers in specialized hospital,Southwest Ethiopia. Ethiopia J. Health Sci. 21: 19-27. Doi: 4314/ejhs.v21i3