Utilization of Health Insurance for Outpatient in the Community: A Meta-Analysis
Abstract
Background: Health insurance is the answer to the uncertainty of the occurrence of illness and the need for health services. To ensure that the need for health services can be adequately financed, a person or small group of people transfers risk to another party called an insurer/insurer, or an insurance agency.
Subjects and Method: This was a systematic review and meta-analysis conducted with PRISMA flow diagrams. Search articles through journal databases including: Google Scholar, MEDLINE/ PubMed, Science Direct and Spinger Link by selecting articles published in 2000-2021 The keywords used are “health care”AND “outpatient” OR “insurance” AND “private health insurance” AND “outpatient” OR “health insurance” AND “private health insurance” AND “utilization of public health care” AND “inpatient service” AND “outpatient service” AND “logistic regression aOR”. The inclusion criteria were full paper articles with retrospective study cohort research methods, the analysis used was multivariate with adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR), the intervention provided was health insurance, the research subjects were private health insurance users. Eligible articles were analyzed using the RevMan 5.3 application.
Results: A meta-analysis of 9 articles showed that people with private health insurance were 1.98 times more likely to use outpatient services than those without health insurance, and the effect was statistically significant (aOR = 1.98; 95% CI = 1.39 to 2.81; p<0.001).
Conclusion: The use of private health insurance has a statistically significant effect in increasing outpatient use.
Keywords: health insurance, private health insurance, outpatient, meta analysis.
Correspondence: Sulaiman Putra Nagaring. Masters Program in Public Health. Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: sulaimanputran@gmail.com Mobile: 085855533027
Journal of Health Policy and Management, (2022), 07(02): 158-165
https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpm.2022.07.02.07
References
BPS. (2021). Persentase penduduk yang memiliki jaminan kesehatan men urut provinsi dan jenis jaminan, 2021 (Percentage of population with health insurance by province and type of insurance).https://www.bps.go.id/indikator/indikator/view_data_pub/0000/api_pub/UUROM3lMeGsxZ0czT2xFeEJsK0VWZz09/da_04/1
Haven N, Dobson AE, Yusuf K, Kellermann S, Mutahunga B, Stewart AG, Wilkinson E (2018). Communitybased health insurance increased health care utilization and reduced mortality in children under5, around Bwindi Community Hospital, Uganda between 2015 and 2017. Public Health Front. 6:281: doi:10.3389/fpubh.2018.00281
Janeway M, Sanchez SE, Chen Q, Nofal MR, Wang N, Rosen A, Decher TA (2020). Associatio n of race, health insurance status, and household income with location and outcomes of ambulatory surgery among adult patients in 2 us states. 02118(12): 1123–1131. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2020.3318
Jayana DW (2021). Penduduk yang memiliki jaminan kesehatan (Residents who have health insurance). Databoks pusat. https://databoks.katadata.co.id/datapublish/2021/11/23/pendudukyangmilikijaminankesehatanmenurunjadi6836pada2021.
Leach LS, Butterworth P, Whiteford H (2012). Private health insurance, mental health and service use in Australia. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 46(5): 468–475: doi: 10.1177/0004867411434713
Rice JB, Desai U, Cummings AK, Birnbaum HG, Skornicki M, Parsons NB (2014). Burden of diabetic foot ulcers for medicare and private insurers. Diabetes care. 37(3): 651–658. doi: 10.2337/dc132176.
Susetyo RS (2019). Asuransi kesehatan. In universitas sumatera utara. Otoritas Jasa Keuangan.
Tipirneni R, Politi MC, Kullgren JT, Ki effer EC, Goold SD, Scherer AM (2018). Association between health insurance liter acy and avoidance of health care services owing to cost. 1(7): 1–12. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.4796
You CH, Choi JH, Kang S, Oh EH, Kwon YD (2018). Association bet ween supplementary private health insurance and visits to physician offices versus hospital outpatient departments among adults with diabetes in the universal public insurance system.PLoS ONE. 13(4): 1–11. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192205.
